MOTS-c 10mg

MOTS-c Research Overview

MOTS-c is a 16-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded within the mitochondrial 12S rRNA region. Laboratory research has examined its relationship with cellular metabolism, skeletal-muscle signaling, stress-response pathways, inflammation, and mitochondrial-to-nuclear communication.

Most interventional research involving externally administered MOTS-c has been conducted in cultured cells or animal models. These findings do not establish safety, efficacy, or therapeutic effects in humans.

MOTS-c Research Areas

Metabolic and Cellular Signaling

Preclinical studies have examined MOTS-c in relation to AMPK signaling, glucose utilization, insulin-response pathways, and skeletal-muscle metabolism.

A foundational 2015 study used cultured cells and mouse models to examine MOTS-c in metabolic homeostasis. These results should not be interpreted as evidence that this product manages obesity, diabetes, or other metabolic conditions in humans.

Skeletal-Muscle Signaling

Researchers have investigated MOTS-c in relation to myostatin expression and muscle-atrophy signaling. One study combined observational measurements from human subjects with experiments involving cultured mouse muscle cells and high-fat-diet mouse models.

The study did not demonstrate increased muscle mass, enhanced athletic performance, or the treatment of muscle-wasting conditions in humans. (PMID: 33554779)

Exercise-Response Models

MOTS-c has been examined as part of the biological response to exercise. One study measured naturally occurring MOTS-c following exercise in humans and separately evaluated administered MOTS-c in young, middle-aged, and older mice.

The animal findings concerning physical performance cannot be presented as evidence that administered MOTS-c reproduces exercise or improves endurance in humans. (PMID: 33473109)

Inflammatory Signaling Models

A mouse study evaluated intraperitoneally administered MOTS-c in an experimentally induced inflammatory-pain model. Researchers measured behavioral responses, inflammatory cytokines, and signaling associated with the AMPK pathway.

These findings are limited to the specific mouse model and do not establish general anti-inflammatory effects or clinical applications. (PMID: 31926126)

Cellular Stress and Aging Research

Reviews have discussed MOTS-c in relation to mitochondrial signaling, cellular stress responses, energy metabolism, and age-associated biological changes.

This literature identifies areas for continued research but does not demonstrate that MOTS-c extends lifespan, reverses aging, or provides anti-aging effects in humans. (PMID: 36670507)

Peer-Reviewed Studies

• The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis and reduces obesity and insulin resistance Lee, C., Zeng, J., Drew, B. G., Sallam, T., Martin-Montalvo, A., Wan, J., … & Cohen, P. (2015). Cell metabolism, 21(3), 443-454.

• MOTS-c: a mitochondrial‐encoded regulator of the nucleus Benayoun, B. A., & Lee, C. (2019). BioEssays, 41(9), 1900046.

Structure

Sequence: Met-Arg-Trp-Gln-Glu-Met-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Phe-Tyr-Pro-Arg-Lys-Leu-Arg

Molecular Formula: C H N O S Molecular Weight: 2174.64 g/mol

PubChem SID: 255386757

CAS Number: 1627580-64-6

Synonyms: Mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA-c, MT-RNR1